نشریه روان شناسی فرهنگی زن
پیاپی 25 (پاییز 1394)

Souad al-Mubarak al-Sabah (born 1942) and Parvin Etessami (1907 – 1941) were of those poets who had used social themes in their poetry. Poverty, liberalism, and fight against despotism were social themes found in their poems. Using descriptive-analytical method and based on the French school of poetry, the authors of the present research intended  to make a comparative study of social themes in the poems of Souad al-Sabah and Parvin Etessami. Souad al-Sabah and Parvin Etessami had approached to poverty from different views; Souad only made hints to it, but Parvin tried to find its roots. On patriotism, more poems of Souad were concerned with fight against despotism than Parvin’s due to the invasion of Kuwait by Iraq. Liberalism was a theme used by both of them in two pictures; Souad depicted it as a well while Parvin had depicted it as a cage.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between critical thinking and meta cognition with academic success in female students of Ahvaz Islamic Azad University. The sample included 200 subjects who were selected based on stratified random sampling. To measure the variables California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory (CCTST), State Meta-cognition Inventory (ESM) and Academic Success were used. To analyze the data Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariable regression (p≤ 0.0001) were employed as statistical methods. The results revealed that there was significant relationship between critical thinking and Meta cognition with academic success. The regression output also indicated that critical thinking and Meta cognition were well predictive to academic success.

Gibran Khalil Gibran and Nima Youshij as the most important representative of Iranian contemporary poets were concerned to women issues. To review the both poets addressing the women issue as well as their poetical motifs were the main objectives of this research. The study was was purposed to demonstrate that Nima and Gibran Khalil Gibran were the contemporary poets who in their poems focused on the subject of "woman" (as mistress, wife and mother). From the perspective of Gibran Khalil Gibran, women's status were much higher that what Nima tought . The environment where Nima Youshij grew was a rural environment in which the women worked alongside with the men, so they had low social status and value. However, to Gibran Khalil Gibran, women had a better position, because Gibran Khalil Gibran lived in Lebanon and America that women possessed higher social status.

Islamic mysticism had well treated women for centuries. While it was needed there were no differentiation between men and women in ritual practices such cases like "self reconstruction" and "truth seeking journey". In some cases women are considered more valuable and more transcendent. And even more rights were taken into concern for women based on"spirituality and love". Women can be one of the top mediators in the aspirations of men to their bliss and esteem of God. In Islamic mysticism there was independent stream named "flow of love" or "aesthetic mysticism ".  One of the most eminent figure of the mentioned doctrine was "Fakhreddin Iraqi", the love poet and mystic in seventh AH century. He believed that the identity and authenticity and character of emotional, physical, spiritual and intellectual of "woman", made her as a source of love and affection and introduced the woman as one of the most beautiful manifestation of the divine beauty of creation.

The goal of this article was to study the story of Soodabeh from Shahnnameh, and the Su-Daji from the book of Feng Shen Yan Yi comparatively. It was found that the general structure of both stories had a lot in common; furthermore, there were a lot of similarities between the characters of these two works (Soodabeh and Su-Daji, Siavash and Yin Yaiao, Kavoos and Zhou Yang), their living environment and upbringing, physical appearance , personality traits, and their final fates. For clarification of common points and sometimes identical points in both stories beyond the effects of cultural passion between Iranians and Chinese, we should  relay on aggregative subconscious of the human,  because the main texture of these two stories are based on the old pattern of forbidden love with the stepsons and whole events are shaped on this pivot.

In Christianity, the women who fear of God and live ascetic and typically cloistered lives that are dedicated to God worship are known as "monk". Such women after passing from worldly belongings such as marriage and keeping aloof from family, by authority of church bishop became a member of monastery and they have to perform rigid and special regulations. In this paper it was discussed that eastern monastic life was according to secluded traditional regulations. But in western monastic life the condition was not so; but nuns were sent to different areas as religious teacher and missionaries and have the responsibility of church regulations. The middle ages was the excellent period for monks which could dehiscent honor characteristics in themselves and cause elevation and development in mystical topics .in this period dehiscence of different groups such as Franciscans, Dominicans and Beguines came into existence that females had a strong role in them.

The purpose of the current research was to investigate the role and position of women as effective elements in marriage and having a family in the Shahnameh. The social approach of the stories in Shahnameh showed that having a family was out of patriarchal principles. In the other words, women were the social organizers of the family and men did not have any role in organizing of the family, while in the mythological approach there were patriarchy to the extent that there could be found  bravery and courage of men, as the battlefields `s victorious everywhere in Shahnameh. Cultural view of the Shahnameh to the marriage implied that most marriages were based on choosing wife from strange people and tribes suggesting the high characters of women in the society and it was insisted on the important role of women in managing their children affairs, especially their marriage. The other thing was that Ferdowsi have always showed the tendency toward choosing wife from strange tribes at the beginning of his epics stories that was accompanied with a kind of love stories to magnify these heroic characters. The results were inferred by reviewing verses and stories from Shahnameh as evidences.

Most women in the world need fundamental support to function in human life. There exist regional differences in access to development benefits based on gender in Iran. This study intended to analyze sex discrimination index, the index for the two sexes were used to demonstrate gender inequality. The current research was a field study, in which the rural areas of suburb regions of Bawi city were taken in concern. In this study, the main indices, including the index of public education, per capita income and life expectancy were discussed. The measures were adapted to Bawi city in 1390. The villages of the city according to preliminary information from 1385 to 1390, had made ​​enormous progress . With an area of ​​95,477 hectares and a population of 89,160 individuals the understudied regions located at East of Ahwaz city. The findings showed that there were some promotions in some of the development measures and there were also some criteria showing non developed indices. One of these indices was gender discrimination, though not all differences between men and women, were clearly visible either in education and incomes, but in all cases the superiority of men over women  were obvious.